Tata Galvano
Galvano is an offering which addresses the unfulfilled need of quality – conscious customers for an authentic product delivering superior quality consistently.
‘Galvano’, as the name suggests, is Galvanized Plain (GP) steel with zero spangles. The offering is available in sheet and coil forms for all customer segments like white goods, panels, bus bodies etc. Galvano™ offers commitment to deliver high performance to meet diverse and stringent needs of the General Engineering Segment. Unlike the ordinary spangled and crushed spangled products available in the market, Galvano is a truly ‘zero spangled’ product with unmatched surface finish and mechanical properties.
Galvano is environmentally safe and economically advantageous. Coating mass on steel and severity of environment to which it is exposed play an important role in deciding the life of Galvanized Steel. While assessing the life of galvanized steel it is important that one takes into consideration the White Rust and Red Rust Resistance aspects of the products.
Special Features
Consistent Thickness
Galvano comes in uniform and close tolerance of thickness which ensures higher yield in and applications meaning more number of parts per kg compared to ordinary Galvanised products. AGC (Automatic Gauge Control) in state-of-art Picking Line and Tandem Cold Rolling Mill helps in producing steel substrate with uniform thickness at close tolerance.
Superior Surface Finish & Absolute Flatness
Uniform texture and superior flatness in Galvano ensures better finish of the end-products. Tandem Cold Rolling Mill equipped with Universal Crown, Auto Shape Control, Electro Discharge Texturing machine, 4Hi Skinpass Mill & 6Hi Tension Leveller combined ensure best-in-class surface texture and flatness thereby offering better and product finish.
Highest Corrosion Resistance
Galvano offers superior corrosion resistance and ensures that the end products manufactured from it not only meet but exceed their life expectancy. Higher chrome passivation ensures better White Rust resistance than ordinary Galvanised Products. Zero spangles coupled with skinpassing and uniform zinc coating ensure highest corrosion resistance.
| Company | White rust resistance | Red rust resistance |
| Tata Steel | 100 – 120 hrs | 500 – 700 hrs |
| Others | 60 – 100 hrs | 400 – 600 hrs |
| Based on 275 gsm coating as per ASTMB 117 | ||
Uniform & Superior Zinc Adhesion
Uniform and superior zinc adhesion in Galvano prevents zinc peel-off & crazing (pebby surface) during fabrication thereby ensuring end-product durability & finish. Uniform zinc coating is possible through Feed-Forward X-ray mechanism in Continuous Galvanising Line – a mechanism unique to Tata Steel. Superior zinc adhesion is achieved through superior Aluminum control in coating bath Chemistry and Electrolytic cleaning of steel substrate before coating as compared to conventional alkali cleaning. Bend Test for Zinc adhesion is conducted as per ASTM A653, ASTM B571, EN 10327 & JIS 3302.
Optimum Formability
Galvano is made from steel substrate passed through close control of chemical composition and best mechanical properties – the key for forming applications. Superior quality of substrate is achieved by applying close controls on process parameters right from raw material (Iron Ore & Coal) stage to steel production ensuring desired quality right from Commercial to IF grades of steel. Special oils are provided on certain grades of steel for superior stampability.
Superior Paint Adhesion
Galvano comes with true zero – spangled surface ensuring best surface finish in painting applications compared to the finish offered by ordinary spangled and crushed spangled GP. True zero-spangled surface with ‘Ra’ varying between 0.8-1.6 ensures superior paint adhesion, lower paint consumption and better end product finish.
Eco-friendly
Galvano produced through ‘Lead-Free’ coating Chemistry making it an Eco-Friendly steel. Unlike ordinary Galvanised steel, Galvano does not need additional lead in its bath Chemistry making it a safe product and ROHS compliant. Tata Steel Limited also offers Trivalent Chrome passivation on customer demand.
Grades & TDCs
| Segment | TDC | Grade | Coating Mass (gsm) | Skinpassed | Tension Leveled |
| Panel | GLP 1 GLP 2 GLP 3 |
DQ DQ DQ |
80 120 275 |
YES YES YES |
YES YES YES |
| General Engineering | GLG 1 GLG 2 GLG 3 GLG 4 GLG 5 |
DQ DQ DDQ EDD/IF EDD/IF |
80 120 120 80 120 |
YES YES YES YES YES |
YES YES YES YES YES |
| Appliances | GLA 1 GLA 2 GLA 3 |
DQ DDQ EDD/IF |
120 120 120 |
YES YES YES |
YES YES YES |
| Bus Bodies | GLB 1 | DQ | 120 | YES | YES |
Mechanical Properties
| Segment | TDC | Yield Strength(MPa) | Tensile Strength (MPa) | Elongation(%) | Harness (HRB) | Ra(Microns) |
| Min-Max | Max | Min | ||||
| Panel | GLP 1 GLP 2 GLP 3 |
250-350 250-350 250-350 |
410 410 410 |
32 32 32 |
55-65 55-65 55-65 |
0.8-1.6 0.8-1.6 0.8-1.6 |
| General Engineering | GLG 1 GLG 2 GLG 3 GLG 4 GLG 5 |
250-350 250-350 270(max) 190(max) 190(max) |
410 410 360 330 330 |
32 32 35 38 38 |
55-65 55-65 60(max) 45(max) 45(max) |
0.8-1.6 0.8-1.6 0.8-1.6 0.8-1.6 0.8-1.6 |
| Appliances | GLA 1 GLA 2 GLA 3 |
250-350 270(max) 190(max) |
410 360 330 |
32 35 38 |
55-65 60(max) 45(max) |
0.8-1.6 0.8-1.6 0.8-1.6 |
| Bus Bodies | GLB 1 | 250-350 | 410 | 32 | 55-65 | 0.8-1.6 |
Chemical Properties
| TDC | % C (max) | %Mn (max) | %P(max) | %S(max) | %Si(max) | %AL(min) | %Micro Alloying | |
| Panels | GLP 1 GLP 2 GLP 3 |
0.1 0.1 0.1 |
0.5 0.5 0.5 |
0.03 0.03 0.03 |
0.03 0.03 0.03 |
0.04 0.04 0.04 |
0.02 0.02 0.02 |
NA NA NA |
| General Engineering | GLG 1 GLG 2 GLG 3 GLG 4 GLG 5 |
0.1 0.1 0.05 0.1 0.1 |
0.5 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.2 |
0.03 0.03 0.025 0.02 0.02 |
0.03 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.02 |
0.04 0.04 0.025 0.02 0.02 |
0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 |
NA NA NA 0.15 0.15 |
| Appliances | GLA 1 GLA 2 GLA 3 |
0.1 0.05 0.01 |
0.5 0.3 0.2 |
0.03 0.025 0.02 |
0.03 0.02 0.02 |
0.04 0.025 0.02 |
0.02 0.02 0.02 |
NA NA 0.15 |
| Bus Bodies | GLB 1 | 0.1 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 0.02 | NA |
Bend Test
| TDC | Coasting Mass (gsm) | Angel of Bend | Value |
| GLP1 | 80 | 180° | 1 t |
| GLP2 | 120 | 180° | 1 t |
| GLP3 | 275 | 180° | 1 t |
| GLA1 | 120 | 180° | 1 t |
| GLA2 | 120 | 180° | 0 t |
| GLA3 | 120 | 180° | 0 t |
| GLG1 | 80 | 180° | 1 t |
| GLG2 | 120 | 180° | 1 t |
| GLG3 | 120 | 180° | 0 t |
| GLG4 | 80 | 181° | 0 t |
| GLG5 | 120 | 182° | 0 t |
| GLB1 | 120 | 180° | 1 t |
